Architectural diagram showing an ancient structural masonry technique utilizing large vertically set blocks at the base of a wall 插畫檔

This nineteenth-century linear schematic illustrates a monumental construction style used to reinforce defensive and temple stonework by laying exceptionally large, vertically squared blocks as a protective lower facing course. Originally implemented during the 6th century BC in ancient Greece, this masonry method—known as an orthostate layout—established a robust, stabilizing foundation that supported thinner, smaller courses of stone or mudbrick laid directly above it. The diagram highlights how early builders carefully balanced height and depth to elevate structural walls, providing a durable aesthetic finish and distributing the immense downward weight uniformly to prevent shifting across prominent civic and religious monuments.