Lower back bone with joints, illustration 插畫檔

Illustration showing a lumbar vertebra from a dorsal (posterior) perspective. From this view, the short and broad spinous process is centrally located and projects posteriorly, characteristic of lumbar vertebrae. The laminae extend laterally from the spinous process, forming the posterior part of the vertebral arch. The transverse processes are clearly visible, projecting outward from each side, serving as sites for muscular and ligamentous attachment. The robust pedicles are partly visible, connecting the vertebral body (not seen) to the posterior elements. Also observable are the superior and inferior articular processes, forming facet joints with adjacent vertebrae. The overall anatomy reflects the lumbar spine’s role in bearing weight and allowing flexible motion. Cartilage is blue